Library classifcation

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CHAPTER | PAGE

1. Library Materials—The Problem of Arrangement | 1

Introduction—Classification by subject context—Certain basic concepts—Different meanings of “Classification”—Library classification—its spheres of activity—Arrangement by specified subject : Preferred order—Collocation of subjects—APUPA pattern of arrangement ; Alphabetical arrangement—Analytical entries.

2. Principles of Classification | 14

Traditional approach—Hierarchical structure of classification—Aristotelian Predicables—Porphyry’s Predicables—Extension and Intension—Significance of the classification—Inductive and Deductive nature of library classification—Rules of division.

3. Knowledge Classification and Bibliothecal Classification | 27

Main classes and their order—knowledge classification vs. Book classification—Bliss’s view—Book classification based on the actual matter of books—Logical classification vs. Literary warrant—Hulme’s view—Library classification and logical division : Practical problems—Limitations of logical division in Library classification—Limitations of bibliothecal classification—Scattering while collecting—Jevon’s criticism—Pseudo-Hierarchy—Permanent basic structure—Kelley’s criticism—Bibliographic classification : Features—Generalia class ; Form class ; Form divisions—Modern approach.

4. Structure and Formation of Subjects | 48

Definitions of Subject, Knowledge, Idea, Information, Universe of Knowledge—Modes of formation of subjects—Analysis of subjects ; Categories, facets, foci, isolates—Aristotelian Categories—Kant’s categories—Disguised categories in DC and UDC—Associational devices in UDC—Ranganathan’s fundamental categories—Manifestation of facets—Levels and rounds—Phase relations—Kinds of phase relations—Relational analysis of subjects—Multi-relational nature of thought units—compound and complex subjects—compound and complex isolates—Discipline and subject.

5. Construction of Classification Schemes | 62

Three planes of classification : Schedule, Terminology—General classification and special classification—Types of classification : Structure ; Fully-enumerative ; Almost enumerative ; Almost-faceted, Fully-faceted ; Rigidly faceted ; Freely faceted—Broad principles of arrangement—Subject analysis or division—Fixing order within each hierarchy—Assignment of notation and construction of index—Recent Trends ; New method on analytical approach—Analytico-Synthetic or Faceted Classification—Sorting terms into categories—Facets and Foci—Construction of a modern classification scheme : Stages—Construction of a faceted schemes ; Order within each hierarchy : helpful order and consistent sequence ; Array and Chain—Schematic chart—Order of Co-ordinate divisions or foci.

6. Notation | 83

Purpose, definition, composition, types, objectives of notation—Good notation—Display of order ; characteristics of good notation ; Syllabic notation—Retroactive notation ; hospitality in chain and array—Hospitality to complex and compound subjects—Co-extensiveness—Hospitality to alternatives or flexibility—Hospitality in faceted systems—Mnemonic value ; Systematic or scheduled or constant mnemonics ; Literal mnemonics ; seminal mnemonics—Book number—Other marks, call number—Broken order.

7. Index | 102

Kinds of index—Relative index—Specific index.

8. Dewey Decimal Classification | 105

Principles—Structure—Schedules—Colocation of subjects ; Method of division ; Standard sub-divisions : Use of more than one Zero—Relocation—Enumerative feature—Synthesis and facet analysis—Alphabetic device—Notation ; Hospitality in array and chain & to compounds and alternatives—Mnemonic value—Index ; Subject-Index illusion—Use and revision—17th edition ; 18th ed ; salient features.

9. Universal Decimal Classification | 131

Principles—Structure ; collocation ; adjustments ; schedules ; auxiliaries—Notation : hospitality in chain and array ; hospitality to compounds and to alternatives—its use in MARC tapes—Mnemonics—Filing order—Index.

10. Colon Classification | 148

Genesis : First version : 2nd version—Principles and postulates ; Facet analysis ; Fundamental categories ; Rounds and levels ; Sequence of categories—Phase relations—Order of foci—Construction ; Four Zones or sectors ; Collocation—Empty and emptying digits ; subjects bundle—common isolates—Notation : hospitality in array ; devices (subject, alphabetic, geographic) ; hospitality in chain and to compound and complex subjects—flexibility ; Mnemonic value—Notational revision in Ed. 7—Index—Book number—Collection number—Use and revision.

11. Other Classification Schemes | 179

Expansive Classification—Library of Congress Classification—Subject Classification—Bibliographic Classification—International classification—Special classification of Maps and atlases.

12. Historical Epilogue | 210

Callimachus — Syon Monastery — Gesner — Brunet — Merlin—Influence of philosophical classification ; Aristotle's systems ; Bacon—Before D. C. Fixed location arrangement—Modern schemes ; E.C. ; UDC ; LC ; SC ; BC ; Indian schemes—Guha’s scheme ; CC ; IC.

13. Hints on Practical Book Classification | 224

Assessment of the subject—Assignment of class mark—Essential steps in breaking down a subject—D.C. : Citation order of the facets (in D.C. Ed. 18)—Colon classification ; analysis of subjects—Problems of compound and complex subjects, interdisciplinary work and interrelated subjects—Work with two or more subjects, localised subjects—Uniformity in classifying ; Subject authority file—Reference books and aids to classification—Hints on number-building by D.C. in all major classes—Exercises and hints—Classification by C.C. : nine steps ; Exercises—Practical classification by UDC : Exercises and hints.

14. Concluding Summary | 225

Origins—Limitations of traditional systems—Later trends—Modern trends ; Ranganathan and others—Future possibilities—Classification and cataloguing.

Index | 261