The Oxford Handbook of Nuclear Security

PART I INTRODUCTION

1. Nuclear Security 3

CHRISTOPHER HOBBS AND SARAH TZINIERIS

2. Overview of Nuclear and Radioactive Materials 17

FRIEDERIKE FRIEß AND MORITZ KÜTT

3. The Interface between Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security 35

JASON T. HARRIS AND SHRADDHA RANE

PART II EVOLUTION OF NUCLEAR SECURITY THREATS

4. The Risk of Nuclear Terrorism 55

JOHN MUELLER

5. State Sponsorship of Nuclear Terrorism 68

GARY A. ACKERMAN AND BRYAN R. EARLY

6. Cyber Threats and Nuclear Vulnerabilities 86

ANDREW FUTTER AND JASON T. HARRIS

7. Insider Threats to Nuclear Security 102

MATTHEW BUNN

PART III INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY REGIME

8. The International Legal Basis of Nuclear Security 123

YASEMIN BALCI

9. The Evolution of Global Nuclear Security Governance 138

WYN Q. BOWEN, MATTHEW COTTEE, AND SARAH TZINIERIS

10. The United Nations Security Council and the 1540 Committee 159

BENJAMIN KIENZLE AND DANIEL SALISBURY

11. The IAEA's Critical Role in Nuclear Security 178

TREVOR FINDLAY

12. US–Russian Cooperative Threat Reduction to Secure Nuclear Warheads 197

GEOFFREY CHAPMAN AND WILLIAM M. MOON

13. The Four Nuclear Security Summits 214

AMANDEEP GILL

PART IV SECURING NUCLEAR FACILITIES AND ASSETS

14. The Fundamentals of Physical Protection 233

 MARTIN GRIGG AND JOHANNES H. STERBA

15. Nuclear Security Culture 254

JAMES R. HOLMES AND IGOR KHRIPUNOV

16. Nuclear Material Accounting and Control 270

SUKESH K. AGHARA AND MARCO MARZO

17. Securing Nuclear Materials during Transport 288

KARL DEWEY, BOB OFFICER, AND BEN WHITTARD

18. Cyber Security for Nuclear Facilities 309

SUKESH K. AGHARA AND CHRISTOPHER SPIRITO

19. Radiological Source Security 325

IRMAN ABDUL RAHMAN, GEOFFREY CHAPMAN, AND FAIZAL MOHAMED

20. Nuclear Security for Next-Generation Reactors 341

SUKESH K. AGHARA AND ROSS PEEL

21. Addressing the Confidence Gap in the Security of Military Nuclear Materials 358

SCOTT ROECKER AND NICKOLAS ROTH

PART V NATIONAL APPROACHES TO NUCLEAR SECURITY

22. Nuclear Security for Newcomer Countries 375

ZENOBIA HOMAN, SARAH TZINIERIS, AND ŞEBNEM UDUM

23. Risk-Informed Nuclear Security Regulation in the United States 395

GREGORY B. JACZKO

24. The United Kingdom's Transition from Prescriptive to Outcome-Focused Nuclear Security

Regulation 412

CHRISTOPHER HOBBS AND TOM PARKHOUSE

25. The Evolution of Nuclear Security in Russia 427

DMITRY KOVCHEGIN

26. Nuclear Security in China 447

XIAOBING GUO

27. India's Approach to Nuclear Security 462

RAJESWARI PILLAI RAJAGOPALAN

28. Nuclear Security in the Republic of Korea 480

JINHO CHUNG AND NA YOUNG LEE

PART VI COMBATTING NUCLEAR SMUGGLING

29. Illicit Networks and Nuclear Material Trafficking 499

EGLE E. MURAUSKAITE

30. Open Source Intelligence and Investigative Techniques for Locating Radioactive Materials 516

MICHAEL DUITSMAN AND MARGARITA KALININA-POHL

31. Radiation Detection for Border Monitoring 535

CRAIG MARIANNO

32. The Evolution of the Legal and Technical Aspects of Nuclear Forensics 552

VITALY FEDCHENKO

33. Case Studies of a Nuclear Forensic Examination 571

DAVID K. SMITH

PART VII PERMANENT THREAT REDUCTION

34. International Efforts to Minimize the Use of HEU 591

FERENC DALNOKI-VERESS AND MILES A. POMPER

35. Conversion of a Research Reactor from HEU to LEU in Nigeria 610

HAMISU A. ADAMU AND SUNDAY A. JONAH

36. Alternative Technologies for Radioactive Sealed Sources 629

CHRIS ENGLEFIELD

37. Removal of Gamma Blood Irradiators in Norway 643

STYRKAAR HUSTVEIT, SINDRE ØVERGAARD, TONE-METTE SJØMOEN, AND HÅVAR A. SOLLUND

PART VIII NUCLEAR SECURITY DURING TIMES OF CRISIS

38. Nuclear Emergency Preparedness and Response 661

ANGELA E. LEEK AND JEFFREY D. SEMANCIK

39. Responding to Radiological Terrorism 679

JULIA M. PEARCE

40. Nuclear Security in the Wake of the 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami in Japan 697

NICKOLAS ROTH AND DANIEL SALISBURY

41. Nuclear Security during the Covid-19 Pandemic 713

CHRISTOPHER HOBBS AND AMELIE STOETZEL