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Abstract
This article examines the Arab Spring uprisings and their consequences for regional and global politics. It analyses the drivers of the revolts—including authoritarianism, economic grievances, and youth mobilization—and the spread of protests across Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, and Syria. The study reviews the outcomes of regime changes, civil wars, and external interventions. It argues that while the Arab Spring created spaces for democratic aspirations, it also produced instability, power vacuums, and humanitarian crises. The article highlights lessons for South Asia regarding governance, inclusivity, and the risks of unaddressed socio-political grievances.
Full Text
The body outlines the historical background of the Arab Spring, situating it within broader democratization theory. Section One explores Tunisia’s relative success and Egypt’s political turmoil. Section Two discusses Libya’s collapse into civil war and external intervention. Section Three analyses Yemen’s fragile transition and ongoing conflict. Section Four examines the Syrian war and its humanitarian consequences. Section Five reflects on the international dimension, including US, EU, and Gulf states’ responses. The conclusion underscores that the Arab Spring reshaped Middle Eastern politics and offers cautionary lessons for other regions facing governance crises.