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Abstract
This article examines the nexus between international migration and human security in the South Asian and global context. It traces the patterns of labour migration from Bangladesh and other South Asian countries to the Gulf, South-East Asia, and beyond. The study highlights the economic benefits of remittances but also the vulnerabilities migrants face—exploitation, lack of legal protection, and health risks. By situating migration within the human security framework, the paper expands the analysis beyond state-centric concerns, emphasising the protection and empowerment of individuals. It argues that migration policy must balance economic gains with the safeguarding of migrants’ dignity and rights.
Full Text
The body first maps the scale and destinations of Bangladeshi and South Asian migrants in the early 2000s. Section One reviews remittance inflows and their contribution to national economies. Section Two analyses vulnerabilities faced abroad: recruitment malpractices, contract substitution, abuse, and lack of consular support. Section Three applies the human security lens, identifying dimensions of economic, health, and personal security that migration affects. Section Four considers international and regional governance mechanisms, including ILO conventions and SAARC declarations. The conclusion emphasises that sustainable migration policies must empower workers, strengthen regulatory oversight, and ensure bilateral agreements that protect rights while promoting development.